Total fatalities: Estimates range from 70 to 85 million deaths, with some sources suggesting a total of approximately 75 million.
Direct deaths: Estimated direct deaths from the war range from 50 to 56 million, which includes both military and civilian fatalities.
Indirect deaths: An additional 19–28 million deaths are estimated to have resulted from war-related disease and famine.
Civilian vs. military deaths: Civilian deaths are believed to be higher than military deaths, totaling around 50 to 55 million. Military deaths from all causes are estimated at 21–25 million.Major casualties: The Soviet Union and China are believed to have suffered the highest overall casualties. The Soviet Union alone lost around 27 million people, including 8.7 million military personnel and 19 million civilians.
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